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Translation glossary: Bankruptcy

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Terejimenez
Terejimenez
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liquidated claimA creditor\'s claim for a fixed amount of money. 
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liquidationA sale of a debtor\'s property with the proceeds to be used for the benefit of creditors. 
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motion to lift the automatic stayA request by a creditor to allow the creditor to take an action against a debtor or the debtor\'s property that would otherwise be prohibited by the a 
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no-asset caseA chapter 7 case where there are no assets available to satisfy any portion of the creditors\' unsecured claims. 
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nondischargeable debtA debt that cannot be eliminated in bankruptcy. 
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objection to dischargeA trustee\'s or creditor\'s objection to the debtor\'s being released from personal liability for certain dischargeable debts. 
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objection to exemptionsA trustee\'s or creditor\'s objection to a debtor\'s attempt to claim certain property as exempt, i.e., not liable for any prepetition debt of the deb 
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participación alicuotapro rata share 
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party in interestA party who is actually and substantially interested in the subject matter, as distinguished from one who has only a nominal on technical interest in 
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plaintiffA person or business that files a formal complaint with the court. 
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planA debtor\'s detailed description of how the debtor proposes to pay creditors\' claims over a fixed period of time. 
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postpetition transferA transfer of a debtor\'s property made after the commencement of the case. 
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prebankruptcy planningThe arrangement (or rearrangement) of a debtor\'s property to allow the debtor to take maximum advantage of exemptions. (Prebankruptcy planning typica 
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preferential debt paymentA debt payment made to a creditor in the 90-day period before a debtor files bankruptcy (or within one year if the creditor was an insider) that gives 
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priorityThe Bankruptcy Code\'s statutory ranking of unsecured claims that determines the order in which unsecured claims will be paid if there is not enough m 
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priority claimAn unsecured claim that is entitled to be paid ahead of other unsecured claims that are not entitled to priority status. Priority refers to the order 
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proof of claimA written statement, filed by a creditor, describing the reason a debtor owes the creditor money. (There is an official form for this purpose.) 
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property of the estateAll legal or equitable interests of the debtor in property as of the commencement of the case. 
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reliefremedios solicitados o concedidos por un tribunal 
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remanente no cobradouncollected surplus 
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schedulesLists submitted by the debtor along with the petition (or shortly thereafter) showing the debtor\'s assets, liabilities, and other financial informati 
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secured creditorAn individual or business holding a claim against the debtor that is secured by a lien on property of the estate or that is subject to a right of seto 
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secured debtDebt backed by a mortgage, pledge of collateral, or other lien; debt for which the creditor has the right to pursue specific pledged property upon def 
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Severance MotionRecurso de Indemnización por Despido 
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statement of financial affairsA series of questions the debtor must answer in writing concerning sources of income, transfers of property, lawsuits by creditors, etc. (There is an 
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statement of intentionA declaration made by a chapter 7 debtor concerning plans for dealing with consumer debts that are secured by property of the estate. 
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substantial abuseThe characterization of a bankruptcy case filed by an individual whose debts are primarily consumer debts where the court finds that the granting of r 
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substantive consolidationPutting the assets and liabilities of two or more related debtors into a single pool to pay creditors. (Courts are reluctant to allow substantive cons 
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transferAny mode or means by which a debtor disposes of or parts with his/her property. 
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trusteeThe representative of the bankruptcy estate who exercises statutory powers, principally for the benefit of the unsecured creditors, under the general 
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typing serviceA business not authorized to practice law that prepares bankruptcy petitions. 
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undersecured claimA debt secured by property that is worth less than the amount of the debt. 
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United States trusteeAn officer of the Justice Department responsible for supervising the administration of bankruptcy cases, estates, and trustees, monitoring plans and d 
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unlawful detainer actionA lawsuit brought by a landlord against a tenant to evict the tenant from rental property--usually for nonpayment of rent. 
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unliquidated claimA claim for which a specific value has not been determined. 
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unscheduled debtA debt that should have been listed by a debtor in the schedules filed with the court but was not. (Depending on the circumstances, an unscheduled deb 
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unsecured claimA claim or debt for which a creditor holds no special assurance of payment, such as a mortgage or lien; a debt for which credit was extended based sol 
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voluntary transferA transfer of a debtor\'s property with the debtor\'s consent. 
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ya no tiene ninguna expectativawill no longer be a beneficiary 
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